spitz



. S.-SPIIZ. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONS.

i APPLICATION FILED MAY 3], I948- l;@9,794.

Patented Mar. M, 1922.

1 5HttIS-SHEET I.

I 4 IVITNESS: 1 N V EN TOR.

If 1 r 4,; '1 52 1 5 BY @WW 5 S. S PITZ. METHOD AND APPARATUS'FOR UTIEIZING souwo VIBRATIONS.

I APPLICATION FlLED MAY 31, I918. EAUQfiQ.

Patented Mar. 14% 1922.

H SHttI S--SHEEf 2.

WI 'I'NESS:

INVENTOR. I

y 80.1mm

A TTOR NE VS.

s. SPITZ. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR unuzma souwo HBHATIONS W 7 APPLICATION FILED WAYS!x 19H}. n f 4c I mtented Imn; 14., 1922 1} ShLhlS SHEET 3- v s; sPnz; METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONS.

ATTORNEYS.

s. sPnz. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 19W. j]; a gg gg Patentefl Mar. M, 1922 H SHkETS-SHEET 5- W1 TNESS: 11v VENTOR.

w &M Y By K" ATTORNEYS.

S. SPITZ.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONS. m 7 P3 APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, I918. T h LAW? 94h Patenied my. 11% 1922.

Fir-21x2 WITNESS: IN V ENTOR.

s. SPITZ. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SDUND VIBRATIDNS- 1 N I APPLICATION FILED IIIAY3I, IQIB- 1 I n 1 43:53 9, i945, Patenteu Mar. 14 1942.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

WITNESS:

IN VENTOR.

A "a P I 8 (BY mmwg r {I ZM fizy ATTURNEYS.

S. SPITZ.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONS.

v P APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 19I8- I V v 1 4mg 79155 Pan ented Mar. 14, 1922.

k I lg?) SF 5 I )M. A 2 I v .I' was 7 1w 'zi jz WITNESS: 1N VEN TOR.

4%.- I y f? I @ws ATTORNEYS.

.S. SPIIZ.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONS.

APPLICATION FILED IIIAYKI, 19H}. I 7 r q I r Patenceu Mar. M 1924-.

II SHtHSsSHEET 9.

WITNESS:

INVENTOR.

s. SPIIZ. v METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UTILIZING SOUND VIBHATIONS,

, APPLICATION FILED MAY 31. ISIB- v g gg 'ygg Patented Mann 1922,

II SHhEISSHEET 10.

I S. SPITZ.

METHOD .WD APPARATUS F017 UTILIZING SOUND VIBRATIONSI I API CATION FILED MAY 3i, I918- 1 409 94;, Patented Mar. M 1922,

II SHttIS SHEET H.

11V VENTOR.

2 BY wmawpfl A TTORNE Y5.

OF CALIFORNIA.

SIGIL ILLTEE 123, 2353 e, ,3. GORPGRATKQH" L, gg 'g g/ l jpeeifieation of Zeetsers Eateniz. l migmigfi 1311', 3922 xipnlioetion filerl 3E, Serial To all whom it may concern; tion is utilized to in motion the means {55 Be it known that I, SAMUEL Sun, a eitizen of the United States, ZQSKilRg at 023K- lend, in the county of Alameda and State ot California, have invented certain new end useful Improvements in Methods and s ipper ratus for Utilizing Sound Vibrations, of which the following is n specification.

The hereinafter described invention reietes to means for recording the distance of travel of sound vibi'siions for the purpose of deter- Wessmedium ofsound vibration mining the relative posiiion of one heel VGSSGl fIOn] the shore line 01' its distance from another vessei, and also for determining the depth of water beneath a, traveling vessel, in the latter case serving the purpose of making and determining soundings i'eletivelso' the Water-way traversed by a vessel. The invention serves 22 range finder generally and is applicable foi deieiniining not only ihe distance of travel of sounfl vibration Water, but equally so, the ciistenee oi :hrough the atmosphere, and Wile the invention is illustrated. in its preferred embodiment as being associated with e vessel for the PUFPOFB of determining the depth of Water heneeth the same, it will be understood that thessine is applicable iiin' ell pun poses wherein it is desii'ed or deemed e22 peciient to determine the clisienee between iv ii obpzcits.

the utmost zniporienee for enabling a nevi- The inveniion u'iii hefound igetoi not only to deierniine the depih of Water beneath his Vessel while navigating shallow water-Ways. but equally so, for (ieijBTDlllllflPj the distance o1. location of the el flOIilille shore iine when Water ii'avel is being harl in foggy Weather. Hm ever, the use of the invention is not restricted in any manner whatsoever to use in connection with wetei'qi uy travel, f0! it is equaiiy 3's ell udaptekl for determining the known location of one object from the unknown distance to. another object through she When employed for determining the depth of water beneath 21. moving vessel or for de'sermining sound, vihration and e1.

for recording ihe travel of sound and ihe return eeho 01" such original sound is utilized; for stopping izhe operation of ihe recording mechanism so determine the iistenee of I travel of: the original and return. vibration, 39 Which feeord when divided will give the oismnee of the knownobjeet from the unknown object, For instance, if origins} sound is forum-Pelee from the known Obie-oi, say, a vessel, encl projeeieci towesd she shore line, she iniitiei souni iiibia-sion will see into o eretion the reeoniing meeimnisinw Gn the projected vihietion n contest with she shore line more up return echo vibretioin which eeo vibrasion eeis through the medium of the present inuention to out the actuating nieens for the recording mechanism so 3o bring the same 520 a, state of H the (Isl reeiiing of the recording mechanism iniiieeies e ieeoir i elistzenee equei '25 to s y epm'on mateiy EZGGG-fee'h the one in charge of the insii'uineni will know at a gienee that known object touted :3 distance of 1,000 i .iioni shore Zine, enri is anus ei'viselil Whether or no?v the vessel from she shore. i -f t ele from a sound vibi'ebion'pi'o" towefii enoihei vessel an unknown disienee sh eiEoi-n. he is enabled no cleterinin on the r "urn vihi'eiion she en; a clisienee in.

' l is situated ozn such nnhis vessei oriei, the invention eeinprises eleeiriesilyeonisoiieo means for throwing inee opeietio n ieeording meehenisin in original M g out or bringing to s oi ifne said recording mechanism on L216 ceipz of reiurn 01 echo vibe-ition of the ox inal sound vibration. However, ii is seqnireci thee or echo g vibi'eiien ni'oclueeii in miles Lo destroy the eieetiieei. current eetueiing the recording mechanism" Inasmuch. the same resul t is effected through the meoiiuzn of 97-10 original sound vibi'eiii'ins, filial; is so say assuming gee the invention he applied is vessel and ihe seine i-revei'ing towerii port in stormy or ineiemei'zt weaiheif, and the Wave 'vihi'ation is set into motion by e fog signal, buoy,- horn or beiiiihe srne Will serve to close an 1% electrieejl circuit to meow. into operation the reeordi mechanism, sinel on the receipt of e seeone- Wave i' iezsnon nine to e seconcl till sounding of the tog-horn or buoy-bell or whistle, secondary vibration will operate to open the electrical circuit to stop the working of the recording mechanism. which mechanism will then indicate a given distance of travel'between two wave vibrations, and by dividing the record distance of the recording mechanism, the observer thereof is enabled to determine approximately the distance of his vessel from the signal station that is, the relative course of approach or recede of the vessel from the signal station.

The object of the invention therefore isthe.

providing of means for enabling the known position of one object to be determined relative to the unknown distance from another object, which is accomplished either through the medium of an original wave sound vibration and the return sound or echovibration thereof, or from two original sound vibrations projected from the unknown object. Briefly stated, the invention comprises a recording instrument which is suitably connected through an electrical clutch mechanism with an electrically driven motor, which motor is connected in. circuit with a suitable microphone or sound receiving instrument, with suitable switch mechanisms for controlling the power circuit, there being interposed between the microphone and the motor suitable relay means, the connection between the microphone and the relay means being such that on a sound vibration being received by the microphone the circuit to the relay means'is closed and the relay actuates to close the circuit to the motor and the magnet forthe electrical clutch mechanism. the actuating of the clutch mechanism coupling the drive mechanism of the recording mechanism so as to start the same into operation and which connection is continued or maintained until through the medium of a second vibration received by the microphone the circuit to the relay is opened to break the circuit to the clutch mechanism, which on the release thereo't applies a brake to the drive mechanism to stop the operation of the recording mechanism. the distance of travel or the record of the rwordin;- instrument determining the distance of travel of the two sound vibrations, and hencefigriving the distance of the known object from the unknown object.

in order to comprehend the invention. reference should be had to the accompanying sheets of drawings. wherein,

Fig. l is a front elevation of the recording instrument illustrating the recording dial and the dial indenting-er working thcreovcr, the control switches for opening and closinp the circuits to the clntch and brake 1nechamism, to the motor for actuating the recording; mechanism and to the microphone for receiving "the sound vibration. also disclosing the switch button for controlling the return of the index finger at the recording dial to initial position and the position of the 0105 ing' switch for the power circuit.

Fig. 2 is a part broken side'elevation of the casing or housing for the operating mechanism for the recording instrinnent, said view illustrating the position oi the nmgnetic clutch, the clutch brake, the connection between the drive shaft and the shaft for actuating the index finger of the recording dial; further illustrating the governor for the motor shaft. and the position of the electric relays.

Fig. 3 is a detailed sectional elevation illustrating the magnetic clutch and. brake mechanism and the shaft for imparting motion for actuatin the shaft for transmitting motion to theinilex control mechanism.

Fig. is a plan view of the mechanism disclosed by Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line e-d of Fig. 4- of the drawings. illustrating in detail the clutch magnet and the magnetic clutch.

Fig. 4c is a vertical sectional View taken 0 the line Fig. 4 of the drawings.

Fig. 5 is a view in elevation illustrating the drive motor and the connection therewith for transmitting rotary motion to the clutch shaft.

Fig. (l is a top plan view of the mechanism disclosed in Fig. 5 oi the drawings.

Fig. '2 is a broken sectional detail elevation illustrating the index control and the resistance relay and the mechanism for transmitting rotation to the shaft tor actuatin the index finger of the recording dial.

Fig. 8 is a part broken plan view of Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. illustrating the index control mechanism, and the electric relays.

Fig. '9 is a detail side elevation of the electric relay .disclosed by Figs. Y and 5; of the drawings.

Fig. 10 is a top plan view of the mechanism disclosed by Fig. 9 of the drawings.

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional end elevation taken on the line ll]l Fig. S9 of the drawings. and viewed the arrows.

i2 is a detailed'side elevation of the second relay disclosed by Fig. 2 ot the drawings.

Fig. 13 is a detailed plan view of the mechanism disclosed by Fig. 12 of the drawings.

l i". 13 is a broken detail plan view illustizating the electrical circuit ,-.onncctions tor the resistance.

Fig". 13 is a broken part sectional detail elevation illustrating the dash-pot for controlling the movement o'l jthc spring e tension of the relay bar of the second relay.

Fig. 14- is a detail clc 'ation of the means for recording a, magnetic wave vibration onto the traveling receiving m tallic tape in the direction of weaver.

and removing the same therefrom, and disclosing the resistance for slowing down the travel of the said tape when removing the debosited magnetic wave for making 2. rec- 0rd thereof.

Fi 15 is a detail elevation of the means fol depositing the magnetic vibration onto the traveling tape and removing the same therefrom.

Fig. 16 is a plan vies of the mechanism disclosed by Fig. 15 of the drawings.

Fig. 17 is an end elevation of the mechanism disclosed by Fig. 15 of the drawings.

Fig. 18 is a part sectional broken detail view of the transmitting coil of the magnetic means and the contact brushes thereof for depositing onto and removing a magnetic wave from the traveling; ribbon or tape.

. Fi 1.9 is a'view il tion i stalled aboard a vessel and illustra ning the recording dial, the position of the, receiving microphone when positioned for, making soundings as to depth of water beneath the vessel and the sounding bell, for creating an initial sound Wave vibration.

Fig. is a vertical sectional view of the submicrophone illustrated in Fig. 19 of-the drawings and positioned for receiving an init f'l wave vibration and the echo therefrom during the taking of soundings for indicating the depth of water beneath a vessel.

. Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional plan View taken on the line 9.121 Fig. 20 of the drawings and viewed in the direction of the arrows.

22 is a part broken longitudinal sectional view of the sounding means for cresting initial Wave vibration.

Fig. 23 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the electric circuits for controlling the sound vibration from the submicrophone through the magnetic recording and receiving means to the receiving tape and for transmittirm magnetic Waves to the record ing mechanism and which circuits are employed for recording; sound vibrations of short duration. said view illustrating the resistance for retarding the speed of travel of the receiiling tape for the magnetic Waves.

Fig. 24 isa diagrammatic view illustrative of the electric circuits employed "for trans- Knitting sound, vihrations'from the microphone to therecordi ng mechanism and also from the microphone to the tape for having deposited thereon magnetic wave vibration.

In the drawings, the numeral 1 isused to designate any suitable form of a casing or housing for enclosing the mechanical operating parts'oi the apparatus and the con-. nections therethrough', which said casing for convenience is divided interiorly into three superposed compartments, 9. 3. and 4, the said compartments; being formed hy the supporting partitions 5. Within the compartment- 2 of the said casing, Figs. 2. 3,4 and net-rating the inven- 4 of the drawings is situated the clutch magnet A. the magnet, clutch B, the clutch drum E and thebralre, band B, which said brake band partially, surrounds the clutch drum E. The clutch B is mounted on the clutch shaft 6 and the clutch drum E is mounted on the shaft 7 Which may be considered as a broken continuation of the shalt To one end of the shaft 6 is secured gear 8 which meshes with a gear 8 secured to the lower end of a vertical'shaft 9. To the outer end of the shaft 7 is secured a gear 10 which meshes With a gear 11 on the lower end of'a vertical shaft 12. The hub C of the. clutch B is surrounded by the clutch magnet A, the said hub rotating freely with in a, central bore of the said magnet which is held fixed against rotation, and the said hub C is slidahly mounted on the shaft 6 by being feathered thereto. The clutch B carries the pivotal dogs 6'. the free ends of. which rest Within the annular groove 1.3 of a collar l3'-fixed to the shaft 6. so that when the clutch B is drawn toward the magrnet A on the same being energized. the upper ends of the clutch dogs 6 will be forced into frictional engagement with the inner surface C of the clutch drum E so as to impart to the said drum, the rotary movement of the clutch B, and the clutch drum E is rigidly secured to the'shaft 7, it is obvious that the rotary {motion of the shaft 6 is thus transmitted to-the shaft 7 on the clutch dogs 6 being placed into engagement with the clutch drum It will he understood that the shafts 6 and 7 Work Within suitable hearings h situated Within the compartment 2 ofthe casing l.

Within the compartment 3 ot the casing 1. Figs. 2, 5 and 6 ol't'the-draivings, is mounted or situated the drive motor E, the motor shaft 15 and the fly wheel governor 16. the said shaft 15 being mounted Within suitable bearings 15. ()n the shaft 15 is secured a Worm 16 which engages with the Worm gear 17, listed to the upper end of the shaft 9. in order to transmit rotary motion ot' the snaft 15 to the vertical shaft 9. for driving the shaft 6 located Within thecompartment 2 of the casing or housing .1. In the upper compartment 4 oi the casing or housing 1, is situated the relay l Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings. and the second relay F, Figs. 8. l2 and 13 ot' the drawings, and there is also located within the compartment interconnected means for actuating the dial recordingmechanism of the apparatus. into this compartment is extended the vertical shaft 12 which at its upper end carries a pinion 1? Figs. 2. 7 and 8 of the drawings, which said pinion meshes with a pinion 18 on one end of a horizontal shaft 18, which said shaft at its opposite end carries a pinion 19 which meshesivith the pinion 19' secured to the inner end of a cross-shaft 20. This shaft is extended beyond the casing'l and at its outer end has secured thereto an indicator ting-er 21, which traverses the face of an index dial 22 secured to the front of the said casing land which dial is protected or enclosed by means of a dial plate 22, Figs. 1, 2 and 7 of the drawings. t is thus apparent that through the described train mechanism the rotary motion of the shaft 7 when driven by the clutch B from the shaft 6 is transmitted to the shaft for imparting movement of travel to the indicator finger 21. There are two readings on the index dial 22, the outer reading A being suitably graduated in scale reading of feet measurement from zero to 4:00 each graduated section being indicative of a 20 foot reading While the inner scale reading is suitably graduated in foot readings -from zero to 4000. these two readings will be explained more fully later on, it suiiicing at this time to state that the outer scale reading A is employed when soundin s as to Water depth is being made, while tie inner scale'reading B is utilized where sound vibrations are recorded through the air, these diilerent readings being required due to the difference of the speed time of travel of sound vibrations through the water and through the atmosohm-e, in the former case, the vibrations be ing at the rate of approximately @761 feet per second. while in the latter case. being approximately at the rate of 1093 feet per second.

- l i ithin the lower compartment 2, of the casing or housing 1 is located the magnet G for operating the armature 23 which controls movement of the brake band D of the clutch drum E for releasing and applyingr the brake band in accordance as to I whether the clutch dogs are thrown into or out of engagement with the inner periphery C of the clutch drum E Fig. of the drawings. in the compartment 3 01 the said casing or housing Fig. 6 of the drawings, in addition to'the parts heretofore set forth there are located the magnets G which actuate the armature 2% for controlling the circuit hereinafter to be descibed to -the relay F, situated in the compartment d of the cas or housing 1, Figs. 2 and 8 ot the drawing v The relay F which is situate within the compartment 4 of the housing or casing 1 app ars more fully in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 of the drawings, and the same comprises the magnet 25, the vertically disposed spring armature bar the contact 26 'and the ten sion spring 26', which spring regulates the "tension on the armature leurr 25 and the tension of which is controlled by means of the hand actuated shaft 27. The contact 26 is suitably connected to the magnet 28 second relay l5", shown detail in The purpose of of the 12 and 13 of the drawings, which comprises the magnets 29, the relay bar 29, the contacts 3030 and the magnet operated lock bar the movement of which loclr bar is controlled by the magnet 28, and which said lock bar is pivoted. to the base plate of the relay at 3 The relay bar 29 is pivoted at 29 in support 29". The movement of the relay bar 29, is controlled by the draw bar 33 of the magnets 29. The action of the said relay bar 29 is regulated by means of the dash-pot 33 disclosed more clearly in Fig. 13 of the drawings, Within which dash-pot works the piston 34- carried by the piston rod 34' pivoted to the spring extension 35 of the relay bar 29', the said piston 34: working within glycerine or other fluid located Within the dash-pot 33'.

- Outside of the casing or housing 1 at any suitable point relative to the known object, in the present case a vessell') and Within convenient reach of the operator of thespparatus is located an endless traveling metallic ribbon or tape ,35 Figs. 14, 23 and 24 of the drawings. which said ribbon or tape works over 'i'nd is driven by the variable speed motors 36 and 36 mounted within suit able bearings of a base 36 These motors are driven by the current from the main line with which connection is made to close the circuit leading to the motors through the medium oi a throw switch 37, Figs. 14 and 24.

of the drawings, and the speed at which the motors are driven is underv the control of the operator through the medium of the controller 37 0'1" the rheostat 37 The ribbon or tape 35 is so disposed as to travel between the recording and receiving magnets 38 which are employed for depositing a magnetic record, representative of a sound vibration onto the said ribbon or tape 35 and at a different velocity interval of time remove the same therefrom for transmission through a circuit b-J) leading to a telephone receiver 39 from which the vibrations are delivered by'the transmitter 39' to the induction coil 39*. amplifier 39", secondary microphone 40 and through the magnet 25 of the relay F. the circuit at such time being closed by the double throw switch ll being thrown to make contact with the circuit wires Z2 and b. This magnetic deposit is secured by magnetizing the tape by the magnetic with and close the circuit C and C leading from the primary microphone 41, which microphone is provided with a receiving bell 4-2 for collecting or gathering the sound vibrations and conveying the same to the crophone in Fig. 19 or" the drawing the racemes primary microphone 41' is illustrated as po- .sitioned at the bow of the vessel l), with the bell thereofisubnierged beneath the water. When the'magnetic waves are being deposited onto the traveling tape or ribbon 35"the switch 43 Fig. 2 of the drawing which establishes the circuit between the primary microphone ll and the circuit leading ,direct to the relay F and from the relay F through the second relay? is thrown to 7 open said circuit, so that the direct transmission of vibrations trons. the primary microphone e1 through the relays is on out and the circuit from the said primary 5 microphone fll f'is established through then switch 4-1 to the magnets 38.

Adjacent the primary microphone ll is situated an electrically operated sounderol, which in the present case comprises a 29 solenoid 1-3 Fig. 22 01 the drawings and an internally spring held hammer $23, which when thrown downwardly on the energizing of the solenoid strikes a hell or onto an anvil atbeld centrally with respect to the base 4e" 25 of the solenoid. The circuit (5-45 for the solenoi closed by depressing the spring push switch button 15 Fig. 2c of the drawlugs to marks-contact with the contact point to, which contact when made closes the cis- M cuit to the sounder-and energizes the solenoid to cause a rapid downward movement of the hammer 4'3 to suddenly strike the anvil n and cause a sound vibration therefrom, the release oi he spring switch 15 after having been. depressed to actuate the hammer as 1 of the sounder .l for the setting up of a sound vibration "opens the circuit to the solenoid 4-3, when the tension of the spring as lifts or withdraws thel iammer 43. The

4a moment a sound vibration iscreated through tlie action of the lumnner sil'vitcisfirstu'eceivcd into the bell 4E2 bt the primary microphone l1 and acting on thc diaphragni of the said microphone sets up a disturbance of 45 the (arbon elements thereof and closes the circuit for transinltti'ng the vibrations to the magnets 38"which causes the deposit of a magnetic wave onto the traveling ribbon or tape 35 through the connections heretofore 59 described. The disturbance thus created is only a momentary one, after which the car bon elements ofthe microphone resume nor.-, mal position to ,brealrthe circuits to the magnets 38. The vibration set up by the '35 sounder continues downwardly through the bodvcof water until the bottom has been read ed, when the same is returned as an echo vibration, and suchecho received-into the bell of the microphone 41 and actnates $0 the .diaphra m or the microphone for the disturbance of the carbon elements to cause a second sound vibration to be transmitted to the magnet 38 and by the said niagneb deposited onto t as or tape There is thus deposlted onto the said ribbon or tape'35 two magnetic sound vibrations. located a relative distance apart, the distance or separation of the two magnetic waves being indicative of the distance of travel of an'initial wave vibration to the bottom of the water and the return thereofas an echo or second vibration, the first ribration being a mechanically created vibration and the second a return or echo thereof. ll the depth of water at which the sounding is taken is equal say to feet, the distance of travel represented by the two spaced magnetic waves deposited onto the traveling" ribbon or tape 35 will be equal to the 160 fee However, the rate of speed 80 "travel of a set up vibration through the water is so rapid that it is almost impossible to create the starting and stopping of mechanically operated devices to measure the distance of travel of the two vibrations as to give an accurate reading thereof andit is for this reason that the endless traveling ribbon or tape 35 is introduced within the apparatus to receivespaced magnetic deposit records of the two sound vibrations. It. will be understood that the microphone .41 is tuned to receive a vibration of a. 2 given tone, and that the first vibration re ceived intothe said microphone establishes; or completes the circuit-to the magnet 38,,395 which is biyoken the moment the carbon elements of the microphone to a state of rest and is again closed .1 the second magnetic wave record on 0 con elements of the mierophone'being agitated on "receiving the return echo the sound vibration or a second sound vibration. the making .of the second record or record of the return vibration on the travel ing metallic ribbon or tape 35, the "circuit is to the microphone is opened by thethrowing of-the switch 41, and the operator at the same time throws the switch 37 of the rheost-at to slow down the travel of speed of the tape or ribbon, when the circuit 7) no and Z) is closed by throwing of the switch 41 which completes the circuit to the telephone receiver39 and from the said receiver ithrough the transmitter. 39 to the induc- 1 jtion coil 39"? and from the said coil through the amplifier to the secondary microphone which is in turn connected in a local batter circuit with magnets 25 and small rheostat The purpose of the in troduction of the telephone receiver, trans- 12o 'miilter, induction coil and amplifier is to; take the weakened sound records from the tape or ribbon as and. amplify the same as transmitted to: e relay The magnetized )ortions of the taoe 35 nassing'the ,ma nets 12"6 l i i b 38' cause a current to flow in the magnet windings which would not in many lnstances be of sufiicient strength to operate the relay he endless traveling ribbon owithoutv the provision of this apparatus.

The current passio through to the magnets me of the relay causes a disturbance or agitattion of the carbon elements of the secondary mi rophone 40 causing an increased resistance to he set up, which weakens the normal current to the magnets of the relay F and by so doing permitting, the

tension of the spring 26' Fig. 9 of the drawings to overcome the pull ot the said mugnet and throw the uri'nuture to make contactwith the switch contact 26 and thereby close the circuit to the second relay F the closinp of which circuit causes the mugnet 2h oi the second relay to attract the pivoted lock bur Ill to release the relay bur 29, causing the spring 29 Fig. 12 of the drawings to draw downwardly the outer end of the relay bur 29 and arm to open the circuit to the contact 30 and establish circuits through thecontuct 30 and 30. The circuits thus closed energize the magnet A to attract the clutch armature ll for throwing the dogs 6' to engage the inner periphery of the clutch drum E and by so doing transmitting the rotation of the shaft 6 to the shaft 7, the motion of which shaft through the described connection with the vertical shaft 12 Fig. 2 of the drawings is transmitted to the index shaft 26to impart movement or" the index finger 21 froni'zero position of the dial anal maintaining the movement thereof until circuit to the magnet A is interrupted or broken. As the spring and extension oil'" the relay bur 29" is lowered to close the contact 30 and 30 and breaking circuit through 30 and 30 to ma -net 28 thereby releasing the lock bar 31 to be returned by spring 32" to holding position for relay her 29, the forward end portion of the relny lltil' is raised to make contact with 30 and 30* ot' a secondary circuit lending to the clutch msgneb 1 c and the brake magnet G, the said secondary circuit controlling the llttllt'tl and clutch mechanism. The circuit to the magnet (i when closed operates to throw the broke I). to rcleuse the drum E ot-the clutch B as the dogs of the said clutch are thrown into frictional engagement with the inner periphery C of the said drum.

it will be understood that as the magnetized section of the traveling ribbon or tape passes from within the sphere of the man not 38 that the flow of current to the relay 33 through the secon lury microphone 40 is decreased so that the magnets 25 -of the'relev F overcomes thc'tension of the spring 26 and the armature bar 25 is drawn to the magnets 25, thus opening the circuit be tween the relay l and the second relay l However, this does not destroy or open the secondary circuit E and E leading to the clutch and brake mechanism, which is maintained closed through the contact 30 and 30" and continues the movement of? travel of the index finger 531. As the second vithe magnet -to the nuwnet 29 oi the second relay through the closeil ciiqcuit established by the previous actioni This causes the magnet to lower the drew bar 33 and the relay bar 29', openinn the circuits through the contacts 30 uml 30 to the clutch magnet A and magnet G of the clutch and brake D and through the, previously closed circuit include contacts 30 and 30 The relay bar 29 is latched. and held by the lock bar 31 held in the locking position by the tension of spring 32 drawing inwardly the armature bar 31 to cause the notched end thereof to engage the end of the relay bar 29 and hold the some in its lowered position relative to the magnets 29. The spring mounted contact 30'. is retarded in motion by the dash-pot 33 allowing it to remain a closed circuit long 95 enough to enable the magnet 29 to attract and latch relay bar 29. With the circuit to thus broken the clutch l3 moves therefore to normal position, causing a lowering of the clutch dogs 6 to disengege the clutch drum E, while at the some time the circuit to the magnets G being open the spring actuated brake band D is applied to the brake drum E to stop the rotation of the shaft 7 and thus cause a, stoppage of the movement of the index finger 21. The position of the index finger .21. distanced from the zero position of the dial 22 is indicative on the reading scales as to the distance of travel 01' the two sound vibrations, which being equally divided gives the sctual distance of the vessel from the bottom of the Waterway and thereby enables the nai 'igatmr to determine the amount of Water beneath i is vessel or the depth of the Water through which he is traveling.

.lt will be understood that the circuit to the main line circuit is controlled through the medium of the throw switch H, which is mounted at the front of the casing" or housin l, Figs. 1, 23 and 24 of the drawings and which switch constitutes the main switch of the apparatus. The power circuits to the clutch mechanism, to the motor and to the primary microphone are controlled by the push switches H; H and ll respectively,

Figs, 1, 2, 23 and '24 of the drawings. lt is understood that these VBJIOUS switches are thr wn to close the said circuits when it is desired to place the apparatus in condition 13) for recording sound vibrations generally Where the apparatus is employed for recording' the distance of travel. of sound-v1- brations through the Water. as for instance in the taking of soundings of a vessel 'jthe primary microphone ll with its receiving bell i2 is arranged in a vertical position and preferably below the water line, but where the distance of the vessel or the known obiect is to be ascertained relative to the distance from an unknown object and the' sound vibrations are to he received through the atmosphere, the primary microphone should stand in a horizontal position and preferably out of the water. the known. object is known to be situated at distance of more than one thousand feet roni the imown object the traveling tape or ribbon 35 need not be employed, inasmuch as travel of sound vibration for more than one thousand feet through the atmosphere gives ample opportunity for the index finger to move a suiiicient distance to permit a reading to be made on the inner scale of the dial 22. In this case, the double throw switch 41 is thrown into a neutral position so as to leave open the circuits from the primary microphone to the magnet 38 and from. the ma net to the receiver 39,- anc. the switch a3 is thrown to make a direct connection between the primary microphone s1 and. the sound relay F, thus cutting out the action ot'the telephone receiver 39, transmitter 39, induction coil 39, amplifier 39" and secondary microphone 4C0, otherwise, the action the relay l5 andthe relay i being the same as that previously described.

From the foregoing it will be noted that on the creation of a primary sound vibration the circuits are closed to throw into action the mechanical means for indicating the nioveinent of travel of the index finger relative to the scale readings contained on the dial 232 and that the creation of a second Wave vibrationopen the circuits controlling the action of the magnet A and the brake magnets G to release the clutch B and apply the br he I) to the drum C of the said clutch B to top rotation of the shaft 7 and the transmission of motion the index finger 21 in order to bring the some to a state 9 rest. ilhe distance of travel ofthe said "i dex fi,ger relative to the graduated scales of the/ dial 21 gives a correct reading as to the combined distance of travel of the two sound vibrations, enabling the operator by a mere glance at the dial 22 to properly calculate the distance of the known object from the unknown object. After the determination of the distance of the known object from the unknown object and before the apparatus is again permitted to be thrown into operation for determining a reading'for a new created sound vibration, the index finger 20 should be brought back to zero position relative to the dial 22, which is complished in the following manner: On. the shaft 20 ing the index there is mounted a d t if) having on peripb.- ery thereof a notch 45', and of the drawings, the notch oi' which dist: is engaged by the hookedend iii of a lever i6 when the notch of the dish stands a position corresponding to the zero Elisha i911 of the dial 20; bring the ind e2; linger to zero position from a JeC'eding yea-tiling ti instant control co tact switch butt-on 1%.", Fig, 24 of the d? gs is depressed close the circuit to the magnets it ou li the posts I and 1 battery I I 2st of the drawf and thr Figs. 8 and c the drawings 0; g L- end 46 oi the: '7 or 46' riding on the perish ery of the 45 due to the raised tion or" the l4w said lever 46 which closes contacts cl g which circuit closes armature lot L Fig. 6 of the dram through est-s l" and L and M en and has l and contacts relay 5' causing the release or operation of the clutch, B through the ener of the magnet A and causing rotation of the motor and the coupling of the shaft 6 to'shar't Y to actuate the. means for moving the deniinger to zero .point of the dial r Tth point, travel ofithe index finger the. disk 45 on the shaft nosition to place its notched POI on. to directly beneath the hooked exten ion to or" the lever 26, the same moving by reason of the tension of the spring 46 onto the notch 45 and raising the inner end of the lever 4-6. This zero position, causing a drop of the lever 46, opens the contacts {7 and g and breaks the circuit through the postsi l and I and theifiagnet G which causes a release of thef ar'inature contact of magnet G thereby breaking the circuit through magnetic clutch B and the tightening of the brake D relative to the drum E, thus stopping rotation. of the, operating mechanism for the index finger 2 2 to bring; the same to a state of rest at position.

I The-operation. of the appara us, assuming the various switches controlling the power circuits to the motor, clutch mechanism and primary microphone to be closed and the switch closed to the main line circuit, may be briefly stated as follows: On the creation of an initial sound vibration through the ncensestopped by reason of the fact that 20 will be in such a i F. This circuit through the battery 1 the relay ll" actuates the armature bar 31 to release the relay bar 29 closing circuit through the clutch and brake magnets operating the clutch to couple the shafts 6 and 7 and releasing the brake D for the drum B thereby connecting the index finger drive connection with the continuously running motor E';. in brief, reference being had to Fig. 21- of the drawings, the'crcution of an initial vibration through the sounding mech .anism 3 which is s1tuated'ad acent the primary microphone ll, it being understood that the various switch circuits are closed, acting through the primary microphone ll causes a disturbance of the carbon elements or particles of said microphone and increases the resistance in the circuit through the posts M and h thereby releasing the spring held armature which is moved to close the circuits through the posts M and N, the circuit thus established through posts Q, t) N and M and battery I to magnet 28 of the sound relay, acts to withdraw the armature bar 31 to release the relay bar 291 The re lease of the relay bar 29 which is spring held bar closes the circuit through the posts M and M P and P to the clutch and broke magnets through the battery 1 actuating the clutch magnet tothrow; the clutch controlled thereby into engagement with the clutch drum for transmitting the power of the shaft 6 to the shaft '7 for importing movement to the train of mechanism for actuating the index linger 20, which mechanism is driven through the continuously running motor E which motor operated by the circuit through the post P and P The movement of travel thus imported to the index finger 20 is continued until the described closed circuits are interrupted or broken by a second Wave vibrction w rich as heretofore pointed out operates to the circuit leading: to the clutch magnet and open the circuit to the magnet controlling the clutch 1 like so as to destroy the connection between the drive 6 and 7 and bring the shaft 7 to a state of r st, thereby locking so to speak the index finger 26 against further movement. To allow the mechanical movement time for its cycle of operation before breaking the circuits directly controlled by the relay bar 29 of the relay F, the dashpot Figs. 13 and 13 oft-he drawings scrv'esito retard the upward movement of the spring ension of the said relay har thereby maintaining the circuit through contact 30 and 30 closed for such a period as to allow the mechanical movements time to complete the cycle of operation. the spring gradually overcoming the dash-pot retardation and the contact broken to open the circuits for a repetition of the above described cycles of operation.

From the foregoing,' it is obvious that the electrical. means are controlled by a primary.

and secondary sound vibration for placing into operation and bringing .to a state of rest respectively the n'iechanical means for determining the distance of travel of the sound vibrations, whereby an approximately accurate measurement of distance between a known and an unknown object may be de tcrmined. The secondary sound vibration may constitute a continuation or echo of the primary sound vibration or the some may constitute an original sound vibration. By the described invention l am not only able to make accurate soundings as to water-ways from a vessel navigating the same, but an": equally us well enabled to determine the distance of a vessel from the shore line. The apparatus need not necessarily be emgaloyed in connection with ovessel, but it may be utilized a range finder generally for die termining he distance of a known location to an unknown location either by means of an initial sound vibration created at the station where the apparatus is installed and by a return echo therefrom or by means of two sound vibrations created from the unknown object.

By reference to Fig. 20, it will be noted that the primary microphone s1 is entirely housed Within the bell 4:2 and is completely insulated from the inner end of the hell by means of the insulating packing 42. To render the microphone more sensitive to the Wave vibrations and more particularlyso Where the microphone is utilized in connection. with a vessel and submerged beneath the Water there is arranged in advance tliereof the cylindrical piece ll, to the outer end of which is secured diaphragm 41? and the outer end of the snid'cylindricol structure ll. and the diaphragm ll. is hermetically sealed troiin the inner wall. of the tapering" portion of the bell 4-52 by means of a suitable packing, and the cylind cl structure ll is held rigidly in place within the tapered portion of the bell 4-2 and separator from the inner Walls ti by means of theradial Webs 4:2 Wit-bin the cylindrical structure or tube 4-1 is situated a second diaphragm a l, held. spaced from the outer diaphragm 41* and connected the eto by the diaphragm post 4:2 By this means the primary microphone is rendered extremely sensitive, es to pick up the meal. given tone value.

sure exerted on the diaphragm sential that the pressure within the chamber 421'? i 15 eeof the bcll'EiQ be such as to coutiter-balprcsonce the external. pressure oi the water and for this-purpose the said-chamber 4:3" is connected to suitable pressure reservoir by the pipe 43, which communicates with the interior chamber d3" of the bell 4-2. To overcome the microphone ll being, subject to the actions of vibrations other than those to be iherscy i-hs ssio. rcicrophons is L 021.13 izisuimcii 'ironi thc 02H 42, but the s is ball at it cutcr'cnd is insulated from 11.21 by means of the insolm'ieo packing 4&8 consequently, the mijci ophonc $1 is not in manner Whstsocvcr icy. thc vibration of the vessel. I

it will be understood shat tho invention is not in any manner res sric tcd io recording the (iisicncc {TF3 vol sound vibrations, bus may be cmpioycd for throwingscqion and rc'z'uicril'lg inacfivs zany form oposaizivc means cmpioycd purposes games sily othcr than recording and the inveniiom Wii]. bs found of special impocisccc nosoniy in de/sl'n'zining the distance of cz'svci. to sound vibrvisits but cqusily so for comsoL situaicoi as 21- di mm poin; from as static said means being to action and x-cndcled inactive by onoary sowed vibration rs thrown a pylmary and V spcctwcijz. i emulsifier, chc mcans chrown into and 0M oiv cmtion by ihc electrics-11y controlled moans shall. be consificrcd and; t'rcstcd as operative Inc-ans, the term operative being employcd. to dcsig nats any form. of mechanism thrown into and out of operative rciation, through the ac'iion of the ciectrim} xnca'ns coili rolicd b3 the sounci vibrations.

The im'cntion has oar-.1: described in its preferred smbodimsoi i, out 1 do nos wish-to be cndcrsiooci cofifining m 'restricvting some to the 075' construction heroin shown and described, but Wi-il to be under-- stood. as cisii ng broadiy any form of 81%- tricai means thrown. into action for stays-mg and stopping mechanically opci'atsci mechanism through the medium of an iniafiial sound. vibration ""ing said mechanism into operation and a secondary scum-i vibz'arbion folk stopping the Working such. necksnism, and this irrespective, 2 to Whethsr the mechanical means placed inao operation rclate to measuring or recording mechanism or mechanism designed '50}? other pmposes Having thus cicscribec' my invention What is claimed as new and desired to be protected. by Letters Patent is:

1. Tim method of rendering accivc and in fictive opcmtivc means through sound Viv, brstions. the same comprising the prociuo tion of a magnciic record of an initial soumi vibration and 21 second sound vibmiion. reproducing said vibrations as elcctricai energy and controlling cicct ricai circuits through the medium of the soumi Vioi'ation 2 01' th'cowing i opcrstivs means and shows by sccomi sound vi (Zion render inacti' J the opcraive moans.

E2. The method. of utilizing sounci vibraiions for rcsdcring scii'vc and inactive optivs means, '61) :f' a cossisting in dissocing :1 pri ry so vibration snci regsocci 'ing the :1

" means.

, fcrcm time accords 0rd. ss the dis mm c sccoml SOUfilCi vicra L-iou and according 'i-hs ciicc on scans record and reproducing i'ohc 'rccorG-cd energy in cause said primary sounds :oaion as rcndcc scsivs said opcrszivc means and said sscfind sound vibrsiion render inscoivs ssicl opersiivc means.

3. The method measurin the distancc of arms of sound vifomiioils, vshe some 0011- sistilizg in musing initial or primary sound vibm sion. comm given clectricai for "pi cing in'io action progressive indicating sniszm and thence a difcond sound vibration of Zilfi some ions misc as the primary sound vibmi-iozi to flushes con c-Poi said. electrics).-

mcsns to bring indica iing mechanism 160 s state of res-5 for producfog an indication ss'o {Esta-mo of iarsvci of two scum vibrations in-sccocaisnce with the'extcnt of psogrcss of the isciicsiing mechanism.

4-. The method of measuring tho distance of travel bstwcsn; an original sound vibration and thc "ciao yibmtion simsrso i he same consisting fisjs: inl'csusing an original sound vibration comics (electrical msns for placing inho sci on progz'essivc indicating mccihanism, fchencc u'bilizing the echo vibration the origins sound to further contz-oi said cicctricai means so bring the indicating mechanism stats of rcsi for producing rscor so the distance of travel o l-she two son ('4 vibrations,

5. The mcihcdi of ssc. 'bcswccn a know: ob; cm and an unknown is, the same co-Assisting in creating and dircciing o scum a; .vf'fliliflh sowarrd the unobject snot sing the vibration so produced to a T siccsrical means for plac ng into ac on progressive indicating oism. and utilizing the return ccho Evasion 2.6 origins sound vibratic/n to i uXthcr fir-o1 said eiccirricai means is bring the inc msansfio state of rcs c for pmc s; a record. as to the disiancc of in.

1 tbs two sounc'l viiamiions. 1h she cry-Lent of progress of saici indicsiis, means.

6. The meZho-"i of making soundings as to the depth of Watcr beneath a. buoyant struciurc which corr sss in controlling; electrics moans on th 2 3m urc for rendering active a pr rcssivc Ira-assuring instrument through the medium of original sound vibmfaion di- Tec ie Li toward the cotton of". s wsaeswsy and thence causing 1'ce';..1.. vibz'sion 01' echo of ihc original Jib? control said sieciricsi am o i0 6* vc measuring grociucis fiance oi izrsvci o1 I sound vib'miions in sccosflsncc W151 the s12 cm of. progress instrw of travel ezcmwc om @iiglfifii sound.

Mining vim distance 

